Vulvitis Explained: Causes, Symptoms, and How to Find Relief

Vulvitis is a condition causing irritation, inflammation, or itchiness in the external female genital area. Unlike vaginal infections, it affects the vulva—the outer structures including the pubic mound, labia, and clitoris. Symptoms can range from mild discomfort to more noticeable changes in appearance and texture. The vulva consists of several parts: the pubic mound, outer labia, inner labia, and clitoris glans. Vulvitis occurs when this area becomes inflamed, often due to contact with irritants. Common triggers include scented soaps, douches, tight clothing, and certain medications. Underlying issues like bacterial vaginosis, eczema, or yeast infections can also lead to the condition.

Symptoms of vulvitis may include itching, redness, and flakiness. Some people experience slight swelling, blisters, or lesions. Others notice a burning sensation, thick or scaly patches, or changes in skin colour. Discharge may also differ in consistency or amount. The condition is not linked to the vagina itself, which is an internal canal connecting the uterus to the outside of the body. Instead, vulvitis is usually caused by allergic reactions, skin disorders, or autoimmune conditions. Identifying the exact cause helps in managing symptoms effectively.

Vulvitis can cause noticeable discomfort and visible changes to the vulva. Recognising irritants and underlying conditions is key to reducing symptoms. Treatment often focuses on avoiding triggers and addressing any related health issues.