Adult eczema: Why symptoms can appear or return later in life

Eczema is often seen as a childhood condition, but it can also affect adults. Symptoms may appear for the first time in adulthood or return after years of absence. One in four adults report their first eczema symptoms developing later in life. Eczema in adults typically causes dry, flaky, and cracked skin patches, along with intense itching. It can also lead to skin infections, feelings of depression or anxiety, and a higher risk of asthma, hay fever, and other allergies. Common areas affected include the skin around the eyes, the back of the knees, the crooks of the elbows, and the back of the neck.

Symptoms are more likely to emerge in a person’s 20s or after the age of 50. Contact with allergens or irritants often triggers flare-ups. Genetics, environmental factors, and the immune system may contribute to its development. A mutation in the FLG gene can weaken the skin’s barrier, increasing the risk of dryness, infection, and allergic reactions.

Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination and review of medical history. In some cases, a healthcare professional may order skin scrapings, biopsies, or blood tests to rule out other conditions. While eczema often starts in early childhood and fades by adolescence, it can persist or reappear in adulthood. Proper diagnosis and management are key to controlling symptoms and reducing discomfort. Early identification of triggers can help prevent flare-ups.