Russia updates tick-borne encephalitis treatment guidelines for children

Russia’s Health Ministry has released updated clinical guidelines for preventing tick-borne encephalitis in children. The changes shift away from traditional immunoglobulin treatments and introduce modern antiviral drugs as the preferred option. For years, immunoglobulin injections were the standard emergency treatment after a tick bite. Now, the ministry recommends their use only when a tick-borne virus is confirmed within the first 72 hours. Recent studies have raised concerns about the effectiveness of immunoglobulin, highlighting its limitations.

The new guidelines promote Russian-made antiviral drugs, such as interferon alpha-2b, and immunostimulants. Unlike immunoglobulin, these medications come in pill form, eliminating the need for injections. Parents can now give children the pills after a trip to the woods or immediately following a tick bite.

Despite the updates, routine vaccination remains the most reliable protection. The ministry continues to urge vaccination for all residents in high-risk areas, including most districts of Khabarovsk Territory. The guidelines still stress emergency prophylaxis and preventive measures, such as wearing protective clothing and checking for ticks. The updated recommendations simplify emergency care by replacing injections with oral medications. Children in endemic regions can now receive antiviral pills more easily. Vaccination, however, remains the key defence against tick-borne encephalitis.