Skin cancer cases surge in Germany as experts rethink sunscreen safety

Skin cancer cases in Germany have risen sharply over the past decade. In 2023, hospitals treated more than 100,000 patients, up from fewer than 42,000 in 2013. Experts now stress that sunscreen alone is not enough to prevent harmful effects from UV radiation. UV rays from the sun are known to cause skin cancer and long-term damage. Dermatologists advise following three key steps: avoiding the sun during peak hours, wearing protective clothing, and using sunscreen correctly.

To get the full protection listed on the bottle, people should apply two milligrams of sunscreen per square centimetre of skin. The SPF number shows how much longer someone can stay in the sun without burning compared to unprotected skin. Effective sunscreens should also combine chemical and mineral filters to block both UVB and UVA rays. However, some chemical filters come with risks. Octocrylene, a common ingredient, can break down into benzophenone—a substance classified as *possibly carcinogenic*. Prolonged use of sunscreens containing this chemical is discouraged. Other chemical filters may also cause allergic reactions or contain unwanted plasticizers. Despite concerns, claims that sunscreen blocks vitamin D absorption lack strong scientific evidence. Researchers say more studies are needed before drawing firm conclusions.

The surge in skin cancer treatments highlights the need for better sun protection. While sunscreen plays a role, experts recommend combining it with clothing and shade for full defence. Choosing the right product—free from harmful chemicals—remains crucial for long-term skin health.