Experimental Antibodies Could Revolutionize Measles Treatment for High-Risk Groups

A new study has explored experimental antibodies as a potential treatment for measles, offering hope for those who cannot receive the vaccine. Led by Erica Ollmann Saphire, researchers identified dozens of antibodies that target key proteins in the virus. The findings could provide an alternative way to combat infections in vulnerable groups. Measles remains a serious disease, but vaccination has been the most effective defence since the 1960s. The current vaccine uses a weakened live strain to train the immune system against infection. However, some people—such as immunocompromised individuals and babies under one—cannot be vaccinated safely.

Scientists at the La Jolla Institute for Immunology analysed antibodies from vaccinated individuals. They discovered dozens that attack two critical proteins: the H protein and the F protein. Four of these antibodies showed strong potential, with two targeting each protein.

In lab tests on rodents, the antibodies reduced viral levels in the lungs when given one to two days after infection. Roberto Cattaneo, a measles virus expert, highlighted the study’s detailed insights into how the virus functions. The research, published in Cell Host & Microbe, suggests these antibodies could help prevent or treat measles in high-risk cases.

Despite the U.S. eliminating measles in 2000, outbreaks have returned due to falling vaccination rates. Treatment options remain limited, making new approaches like antibody therapy a valuable area of research. The study opens possibilities for antibody-based treatments, particularly for those unable to get the vaccine. While vaccination stays the best defence, these findings could offer extra protection against future outbreaks. Further testing will determine how effective the antibodies are in human cases.